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Peru declared a state of emergency Friday along its border with Chile, deploying troops to manage a growing influx of migrants attempting to cross into the country. The move comes amid heightened political tensions in Chile and fears of a surge in people seeking to leave ahead of a presidential runoff election.
Peruvian authorities anticipate a potential wave of undocumented foreigners, largely Venezuelans, hoping to avoid the policies of Chilean presidential frontrunner José Antonio Kast, who has pledged to expel undocumented migrants if elected on December 14. The situation highlights the increasing regional challenges related to migration and political instability.
Footage shared by the governor of Chile’s Arica region showed groups of migrants, including families with young children, attempting to cross the border at the Chacalluta–Santa Rosa crossing, carrying their belongings. The 150-kilometer border region has seen a significant increase in attempted crossings in recent days.
The declaration follows an earlier incident where dozens of migrants, believed to be in the country illegally, reached the border with Peru but were turned back by Peruvian police.
Peruvian President José Jerí announced the impending state of emergency on X, stating, “We are going to declare a state of emergency to generate tranquility in the face of the risk of unauthorized migrants entering and potentially threatening citizen security.” The decree was subsequently approved in an extraordinary cabinet meeting.
The 60-day state of emergency will be in effect in the border districts of Palca, Tacna, and La Yarada–Los Palos, and includes restrictions on freedom of movement, assembly, and the inviolability of the home. According to the decree, the police will maintain internal order with the support of the armed forces.
Interior Minister Vicente Tiburcio traveled to the area and confirmed that 50 soldiers would be immediately deployed to the Santa Rosa border post, with an additional 50 to follow in early December.
Images broadcast by Radio Tacna showed families walking along the highway, some carrying children, in an effort to reach the international border.
Chilean Security Minister Luis Cordero acknowledged a “concentration of people” attempting to leave the country and facing difficulties entering Peru, but declined to provide specific numbers.
The crisis has prompted diplomatic efforts, with Peruvian Foreign Minister Hugo de Zela announcing that Lima and Santiago will establish a binational committee on migration cooperation starting Monday to address the situation.
De Zela emphasized that the state of emergency will allow for “an immediate increase in police and military presence,” and stated firmly, “We will not allow irregular migration; we do not have the capacity to receive more migrants.”
Peru has received over 1.5 million Venezuelans since 2015, placing a strain on the country’s institutions and social fabric. This is not the first time Peru has militarized the border region; a similar state of emergency was declared in April 2023 in response to a surge in undocumented migrants from Chile.
The recent increase in crossings has already caused disruptions, including roadblocks on the Pan-American South Highway, and long lines of trucks and buses on both sides of the border, contributing to a growing atmosphere of tension at the border crossings. The announcement could influence future diplomatic talks between the two nations.
