Blood in Stool Tests Tripled in Brazil Over Past Decade
The number of fecal occult blood tests – used for early detection of colorectal cancer – performed through Brazil’s Unified Health System (SUS) has tripled over the last ten years. This increase, along with a significant expansion in colonoscopy access within the public health system, is detailed in data released as part of the Blue March campaign. Early detection is crucial for improving outcomes in colorectal cancer, making these trends particularly noteworthy for public health officials.
Between 2016 and 2025, fecal occult blood tests rose from 1,146,998 to 3,336,561 – an approximate growth of 190%. Colonoscopies also saw a substantial increase, climbing from 261,214 to 639,924 procedures during the same period, representing a roughly 145% increase.
In 2025, the state of São Paulo accounted for the highest volume of fecal occult blood tests, with 1,174,403 exams performed. Minas Gerais followed with 693,289, and Santa Catarina with 310,391. The lowest numbers were recorded in Amapá (1,356 exams), Acre (1,558), and Roraima (2,984).
Expert Analysis
According to Eduardo Guimarães Hourneaux, president of the Brazilian Society of Digestive Endoscopy (Sobed), the increase is linked to growing awareness campaigns and increased mobilization by medical organizations throughout the country. “The Blue March campaign is transforming fear into action and hope.”
“Each year, more people are overcoming their reluctance to address their intestinal health and are seeking healthcare services for examinations, which is reflected in a significant increase in colonoscopies and screening tests, particularly during the month of March.”
He explained that this movement isn’t accidental: “It’s the result of the commitment of municipal, state, and federal authorities, who have embraced the cause, illuminated buildings, organized mass screenings, and brought the message of prevention to the streets, schools, and health units.”
Recent Cases and Impact
Hourneaux noted that public figures’ experiences with the disease have brought the issue to the forefront of public conversation, prompting individuals to seek evaluation for concerning symptoms.
Preliminary analysis from the campaign suggests a correlation between the diagnosis and passing of singer Preta Gil and increased diagnostic testing. Between the announcement of the artist’s diagnosis in 2023 and her death two years later, the total number of fecal occult blood tests performed through the SUS increased by 18%, while the volume of colonoscopies rose by 23%.
“By publicly sharing their colorectal cancer diagnoses, several well-known individuals have helped transform their own pain into an alert for millions of others. Figures like Preta Gil, Chadwick Boseman, and Roberto Dinamite have openly discussed symptoms, treatment, and, above all, the importance of not delaying investigation when something isn’t right,” he said.
He emphasized that each interview, post, or testimonial from these personalities serves as a powerful reminder that anyone can be affected by colorectal cancer, but early detection significantly improves the chances of successful treatment.
About the Campaign
The Blue March, nationally promoted since 2021, is organized by the Brazilian Society of Digestive Endoscopy, the Brazilian Society of Coloproctology (SBCP), and the Brazilian Federation of Gastroenterology (FBG).
This year’s initiative also has institutional support from the Brazilian Society of Anesthesiology (SBA), the Brazilian Medical Association (AMB), and the Federal Council of Medicine (CFM), along with other medical specialty societies.
The National Cancer Institute (Inca) estimates that premature deaths (before age 70) from colorectal cancer are expected to increase through 2030, for both men and women. This projection cites not only the aging population but also the increasing incidence of the disease among younger individuals, late diagnoses, and low coverage of screening exams.
Agência Brasil
Photo: Fernando Frazão/Agência Brasil
