Region Stockholm has updated its treatment guidelines for restless legs syndrome, a common neurological condition. The change prioritizes a new approach to address potential underlying causes of the disorder, according to Anders Johansson, a neurologist at Karolinska University Hospital.
Key consideration in diagnosis: Identifying contributing factors
Potential link to iron deficiency in the brain
7 tips: Strategies to reduce symptoms
Restless legs syndrome, also known as Willis-Ekboms disease, affects an estimated 5 to 15% of the population, with nearly 3% experiencing symptoms severe enough to require treatment. The condition is characterized by an irresistible urge to move the legs, often accompanied by uncomfortable sensations. Understanding the underlying causes of restless legs syndrome is crucial for effective management, and recent research has highlighted the role of iron levels in the brain.
For years, treatment in Region Stockholm primarily involved medications like pramipexol and gabapentin to manage symptoms. However, the updated strategy now recommends iron injections as the first line of defense. This shift reflects a growing understanding of the condition’s potential link to iron deficiency within the central nervous system.
“Restless legs is a condition associated with iron deficiency in the brain,” explained Anders Johansson, neurologist at Karolinska University Hospital and a member of Region Stockholm’s pharmaceutical committee. Researchers have known since the 1950s that low blood iron levels could be connected to restless legs, and more recent studies suggest that iron deficiency in the brain itself may play a significant role.
The new guidelines emphasize the importance of testing iron levels before initiating treatment. Iron injections, specifically iron carboxymaltose (Ferinject), are now recommended for patients with a transferrin saturation below 45%. This targeted approach aims to address a potential root cause of the condition, rather than simply alleviating symptoms.
While medications like pramipexol can be effective, long-term use carries risks, including the potential for the condition to worsen. Non-pharmacological approaches remain a crucial first step in managing restless legs syndrome. These include reviewing medications that may exacerbate symptoms, establishing regular sleep habits, avoiding sleep deprivation, and engaging in regular physical activity.
Experts also recommend investigating and addressing any underlying health conditions that may contribute to restless legs syndrome, such as kidney disease, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, or hypoxia. Avoiding alcohol consumption is also advised, as it can negatively impact the condition. This updated treatment approach in Region Stockholm represents a significant step forward in the understanding and management of this often-debilitating condition.
