A latest molecule is offering hope for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer, one of the most aggressive forms of the disease. Researchers have achieved promising results in animal testing, potentially opening the door to a new therapeutic approach for a cancer that currently lacks effective treatment options.
Scientists at Oregon Health & Science University have developed an experimental molecule, known as SU212.
The compound works by targeting and disabling a key enzyme that cancer cells rely on to grow, according to a study published in Cell Reports Medicine.
“Triple-negative breast cancer is an aggressive form of the disease and You’ll see no effective drugs available right now,” said senior author Sanjay V. Malhotra, Ph.D., co-director of the Center for Experimental Therapeutics in the OHSU Knight Cancer Institute.
How it Works on Cancer Cells
The molecule SU212 attaches to an enzyme called enolase 1 (ENO1), which helps cells convert glucose into energy. Cancer cells produce unusually large amounts of ENO1 to fuel their rapid growth.
Once attached, the molecule forces the enzyme to break down. In tests using humanized mouse models, this mechanism reduced tumor growth and limited the spread of cancer. Triple-negative breast cancer accounts for as many as 15% of all breast cancer diagnoses.
Potential for Other Cancers
Researchers believe SU212 could also be useful in treating other types of cancer, including glioma, pancreatic cancer, and thyroid carcinoma.
“A drug that targets enolase 1 could help improve treatment for these types of cancer as well,” Malhotra explained. The mechanism could also be relevant for patients with diabetes, a disease linked to glucose metabolism.
When Will it Reach Patients?
The next step is to advance the molecule toward clinical trials in humans. This process requires significant resources and approval from the Food and Drug Administration. Researchers are optimistic that the discovery will translate into real benefits for patients, according to Oregon Health & Science University.
