Dermatologists are urging vigilance regarding changes to moles and bumps in teh genital area, warning they could be indicators of skin cancer. The advice follows a recent caution from a Chinese urologist highlighting that these spots aren’t always benign, and can prompt concern when patients initially suspect a sexually transmitted infection. While often harmless, experts emphasize the importance of prompt medical evaluation for any new or changing lesions, for both men and women, to rule out perhaps serious conditions.
A dermatologist is warning that dark moles or bumps on the genitals could be a sign of skin cancer, urging both men and women to seek medical attention if they notice any changes.
A urologist from China recently cautioned against dismissing dark spots on the genitals as harmless moles, explaining they could indicate a serious skin condition, including skin cancer. The warning comes after a woman asked if a mole on her partner’s genitals could be a sexually transmitted infection.
Dr. Gu Fangwei explained that these “dark spots” can have various causes, ranging from benign moles to precancerous skin conditions and even cancerous growths. He emphasized the importance of prompt medical evaluation if any abnormalities are detected, advising that neither men nor women should feel embarrassed to seek care.
Moles on the Genitals Aren’t Always Cause for Alarm
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Dr. Gu clarified that not every mole or dark spot on the genitals is cancerous or linked to a sexually transmitted infection. He categorized the potential causes into several groups.
Common moles or birthmarks (nevi) are often present but may go unnoticed due to their location. Melanocytic nevi are moles involving pigment-producing cells called melanocytes; some are harmless, while others can potentially develop into skin cancer, particularly if they change in shape, color, or size.
Studies show that melanocytic lesions are more common in the genital area than many people realize. Approximately 10–12% of men may have moles or pigmented spots on or near their genitals, with the vast majority being benign.
Melanoma, a type of skin cancer, is relatively rare in the male genital area, accounting for less than 0.1% of all skin cancers and roughly 1–2% of all cancers of the male genitalia.
However, doctors often find it difficult to determine whether a mole is “safe” simply by visual inspection. A thorough physical exam, or even a biopsy, is often necessary to confirm the diagnosis.
Bowen’s Disease: A Precancerous Skin Condition
Bowen’s disease is considered a precancerous condition of the skin that can occur in various locations, including the genitals. Dr. Gu noted he has also seen cases of this condition on the hips. It has been linked to certain strains of the human papillomavirus (HPV).
Other conditions that can cause lesions in the genital area include:
HPV-related warts (genital warts)
Irritation from friction or ingrown hairs
Dr. Gu explained that Bowen’s disease and certain types of skin cancer in the genital area can be associated with HPV infection, which isn’t limited to cervical issues in women but can also affect skin and mucous membranes elsewhere in the body.
If the skin in the affected area is infected with HPV and a lesion develops, leaving it untreated can allow abnormal cells to gradually develop into skin cancer, potentially spreading to the lungs or brain in severe cases. This highlights the importance of early detection and treatment for optimal outcomes.
Early Detection is Key for Successful Treatment
Fortunately, if these lesions are detected early and haven’t spread, Dr. Gu says they can often be treated with procedures like laser or electrocautery, or surgical removal.
The skin will then regenerate, typically returning to a normal appearance. Doctors will schedule follow-up appointments to monitor for new lesions or recurrence.
However, if left untreated and allowed to progress or spread to other organs, treatment becomes more complex, potentially involving surgery, chemotherapy, or other therapies that can significantly impact quality of life.
When to See a Doctor About a Genital Mole
Dermatologists and urologists recommend using the ABCDEs of melanoma to assess moles or dark spots on the body, including the genitals:
-
Changing Shape
A previously symmetrical mole becomes irregular or distorted. -
Irregular Borders
The edges of the mole are ragged, blurred, or notched. -
Multiple Colors
The mole exhibits varying shades of black, brown, red, blue, or gray. -
Increasing Size
The mole is larger than approximately 6 millimeters or is growing rapidly. -
Associated Symptoms
- Pain
- Itching
- Bleeding
- A sore that doesn’t heal
If a mole or spot on the genitals exhibits any of these characteristics, or if you notice any “significant change from its usual appearance,” it’s important to consult a doctor for evaluation.
Not Just a Concern for Men: Women are Also at Risk
Women who notice a red or dark discoloration, a new bump or mole with changing features, or a sore that doesn’t heal on the vulva or surrounding skin should also seek evaluation from a gynecologist or dermatologist. Early detection is crucial for effective treatment and preventing potential complications.
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