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High-Fat Diet Fuels Breast Cancer Growth, Study Finds

by Olivia Martinez
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Un equipo multidisciplinario de investigadores de la Universidad de Princeton (Estados Unidos) ha realizado un estudio para descubrir cuál es la dieta más adecuada ante un cáncer de mama. Sus hallazgos se recogen en ‘APL Bioengineering’, de AIP Publishing,

High-Fat Diet Linked to Accelerated Growth of Aggressive Breast Cancer

A new study from Princeton University has found that a high-fat diet can accelerate the growth and spread of triple-negative breast cancer, a particularly challenging subtype to treat. The research, published in APL Bioengineering on March 3, 2026, highlights the importance of considering dietary factors in cancer treatment and prevention. Understanding the impact of nutrition on cancer progression is a growing area of research, with implications for patient care and public health recommendations.

Researchers developed a unique tumor model using a human-like medium to mimic the environment surrounding tumors in the body. This allowed them to isolate the effects of specific nutrients and observe how cancer cells respond to different dietary conditions – high levels of insulin, glucose, ketones, and fat.

“We took the approach of building identical engineered tumors and culturing them in conditions that mimic the blood composition of patients under different dietary states,” explained Celeste M. Nelson, the study’s author. “We were hoping to identify dietary conditions that would slow tumor growth. Instead, we found one dietary condition – a high-fat diet – that sped up tumor growth.”

The study revealed that a high-fat diet not only increases tumor growth but likewise boosts levels of MMP1, an enzyme that breaks down the surrounding tissue and is associated with a poorer prognosis. This finding suggests that dietary fat may play a more significant role in cancer progression than previously understood.

Previous research examining the link between diet and tumor growth often failed to account for the complex interplay of systems within the body, including the immune system, metabolic tissues, and the microbiome. Replicating the constant flow of nutrients around cells – a key characteristic of the human body – proved tricky in earlier studies.

“Cells are typically grown in media saturated with sugars and other biochemicals at levels that don’t reflect what’s observed in the human body,” Nelson noted. “Our study demonstrates that tumor cells behave differently when grown in media with the same biochemical composition as human plasma.”

The Princeton team plans to build on these findings by investigating how different dietary conditions influence the effectiveness of cancer therapies. “We plan to apply the same system and define if tumors respond differently to chemotherapy when grown in media that mimic the different dietary conditions. This would allow physicians to recommend what a patient should eat if they are prescribed a specific therapy,” Nelson added.

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