Jakarta – Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a growing concern for pediatricians in Indonesia, with new data revealing that one in four children are affected by the condition [[1]]. Beyond causing fatigue and weakness, specialists warn that IDA can have lasting impacts on a child’s brain and neurological development, potentially hindering academic performance. This report details the emerging understanding of IDA’s effects and available preventative measures, as well as new tools aimed at helping families assess and address iron deficiencies.
Jakarta – Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a widespread condition affecting children, and its impact extends beyond simply low blood counts, according to pediatric specialists. The condition can significantly hinder neurological and brain development, potentially impacting a child’s long-term cognitive abilities.
“Anemia deficiency besi bukan sekadar masalah kurang darah. Kondisi ini berdampak langsung pada perkembangan saraf dan otak,” said Dr. Devie Kristiani, Sp.A, a pediatric specialist and graduate of Gadjah Mada University, in a statement released Thursday.
Recognizing the signs of IDA in children can be challenging for parents, but key indicators include a pale complexion, persistent fatigue, lethargy, and a general lack of energy. Other symptoms to watch for are difficulty gaining weight, delayed growth, and a reduced appetite.
In some cases, children with IDA may exhibit unusual cravings for non-food items like dirt or ice – a behavior known as pica. The underlying causes of the condition are varied, ranging from insufficient dietary iron intake to impaired iron absorption, or even blood loss due to chronic infections.
Certain groups of children are at higher risk of developing IDA, including premature infants, children born to mothers who were anemic during pregnancy, and those whose diets lack sufficient iron-rich foods. Lifestyle factors can also play a role; consuming tea, coffee, or chocolate alongside meals can interfere with iron absorption.
Conversely, pairing iron-rich foods with vitamin C sources – such as oranges, strawberries, or tomatoes – can enhance absorption. Fortified milk products can also contribute to adequate iron intake.
Research suggests that children with IDA may experience lower cognitive scores, impaired psychomotor skills, and difficulty concentrating compared to their peers with healthy iron levels. This can have lasting consequences, affecting their readiness to learn in school and their overall academic performance.
According to a study cited by Dr. Kristiani, these developmental impacts underscore the importance of preventative measures. Regular screening for iron deficiency and ensuring a nutrient-rich diet are crucial steps in protecting children’s cognitive development.
Simple interventions, such as combining iron-rich foods with vitamin C, providing iron supplements as recommended by a healthcare professional (particularly for premature infants or high-risk children), and limiting the consumption of tea, coffee, or chocolate during mealtimes, can help prevent and treat IDA.
Dr. dr. Ray Wagiu Basrowi, MKK, Medical & Scientific Affairs Director at Sarihusada, emphasized the company’s commitment to ongoing research focused on improving the nutritional status of Indonesian children, including studies on iron deficiency and its impact on growth and development.
Sarihusada has also developed a digital tool, the ‘Kalkulator Zat Besi’ (Iron Calculator), available through platforms like Alfagift and website generasimaju.co.id, to help parents calculate their child’s daily iron needs and assess their risk of IDA.
Recent data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (SKI) reveals a concerning prevalence of anemia among children in Indonesia, with 1 in 4 affected. Iron deficiency anemia occurs when the body lacks sufficient iron to produce hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells responsible for carrying oxygen throughout the body.
Addressing IDA is a significant public health concern, as it can have long-term consequences for a child’s physical and cognitive development. Early detection and intervention are key to ensuring children reach their full potential.
Sumber: ANTARA
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