Global Protests Surge, Driven by ‘Gen Z’ Discontent
A new wave of demonstrations is sweeping across the globe, from South America to Asia and Africa, fueled by widespread frustration among young people and resulting in the recent ouster of Madagascar’s president.
This week, Madagascar’s President Andry Rajoelina was forced to leave the country following a military mutiny sparked by weeks of protests led by young demonstrators identifying as “Gen Z Madagascar.” Similar unrest has been reported in Nepal, the Philippines, Indonesia, Kenya, Peru, and Morocco, often beginning with specific grievances but rooted in broader issues of inequality, economic instability, corruption, and perceived nepotism. These movements are particularly significant as they reflect a growing global challenge to established political systems.
What unites these largely leaderless protests is a shared feeling that traditional political institutions are failing to address the concerns of a new generation, whether related to climate change, economic opportunity, or governmental integrity. “What connects these youth-led protests is a shared sense that traditional political systems aren’t responsive to their generation’s concerns… Protest then becomes the logical outlet when institutional channels feel blocked,” explained Sam Nadel, director of Social Change Lab, a U.K.-based nonprofit researching social movements. A striking symbol of this interconnectedness is the adoption of a black flag featuring a grinning skull and crossbones wearing a straw hat – a reference to the popular Japanese manga and anime series “One Piece” – which has appeared at protests in multiple countries, representing a fight against corrupt governance.
In Peru, protests initially focused on a pension law but expanded to demand action on insecurity and corruption. Indonesia saw demonstrations over lawmakers’ benefits and the rising cost of living, leading to cabinet changes. Nepal’s prime minister resigned in September after widespread protests inspired by earlier movements in Sri Lanka and Bangladesh. As protesters increasingly leverage social media for mobilization and awareness – even circumventing government bans, as seen in Nepal – these movements demonstrate the growing power of digitally-connected activism. Brookings Institute research highlights the unique ways Gen Z engages with political issues.
Madagascar’s military coup leader stated he is now assuming the role of president, while officials in other nations continue to address the demands of the protesters and assess the long-term implications of this global wave of discontent.
