Cardiovascular diseases are now the leading cause of death in sub-Saharan Africa, surpassing infectious diseases for the first time, according to health experts speaking on RFI’s Priorité santé program on April 23, 2026.
The shift reflects a growing burden of chronic conditions driven by urbanization, changing diets, physical inactivity, and aging populations. Hypertension, diabetes, and obesity are rising rapidly across the region, contributing to increased rates of heart attacks, strokes, and other cardiovascular complications.
Two Mauritanian specialists featured in the program emphasized that preventable risk factors are at the heart of this epidemiological transition. They noted that while infectious diseases remain a major cause of mortality, deaths from chronic illnesses are increasing steadily.
Experts stressed the need for better prevention strategies, particularly in reaching remote and underserved communities. They highlighted challenges in accessing advanced cardiac care and called for more equitable health systems capable of addressing both the physical and psychological toll of these diseases.
The World Health Organization identifies cardiovascular diseases as the top global cause of death. In sub-Saharan Africa, their impact extends beyond physical health, affecting mental well-being as families cope with long-term, often costly treatments.
Addressing this growing crisis requires urgent public health action focused on lifestyle changes, early detection, and improved access to care — especially as urban centers see rising rates of unhealthy diets and sedentary behavior among younger adults.
