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Vietnam Emerges as Regional Leader in Global Epidemic Control
HIV/AIDS: Promoting Equal Access to Care
Madagascar Reports Increase in HIV Cases, According to UNAIDS
| Young women in Son La province (North) participate in a session raising awareness about HIV/AIDS prevention. |
| Photo : VNA/CVN |
For the past 35 years, Vietnam has made significant strides in its response to HIV/AIDS, moving beyond simply addressing the epidemic to actively dismantling stigma, expanding access to treatment, and fostering the full social reintegration of hundreds of thousands of people living with the virus. This progress reflects a deep commitment to humanitarian principles and the national promise that no one will be left behind. These efforts are bringing the country closer to its goal of eradicating the epidemic by 2030, a target that requires sustained commitment and innovation in public health strategies.
According to the Ministry of Health, since the first HIV-positive case was detected in 1990, the virus has spread to all 63 of the country’s provinces and municipalities. As of the end of 2024, there were 245,762 people living with HIV in Vietnam, with a cumulative total of 116,004 AIDS-related deaths.
While new infections continue to occur, particularly among young people – a vital segment of the population – interventions have successfully controlled the rate of transmission and lessened the disease’s impact. Early detection and treatment are crucial for managing the epidemic and improving patient outcomes.
From the outset, the Vietnamese Party and State prioritized the response to HIV/AIDS as a key public health and social development issue. This commitment translated into comprehensive regulatory frameworks – including directives, policies, and legislation – designed to structure and guide initiatives. Collaboration across sectors, from ministries and socio-political organizations to local associations, created a unified national front against the epidemic.
Starting from a position of limited resources and understanding, the nation built a comprehensive and sustainable national HIV/AIDS response program focused on achieving complete control of the infection by the end of the decade.
Early Detection Yields Positive Results
More than 35 years into the crisis, Vietnam, which is implementing its “Zero AIDS by 2030” strategy, is reporting substantial progress. The pillars of rapid testing, prevention of transmission, and therapeutic care are being deployed effectively. These strategies are essential for curbing the spread of HIV and improving the quality of life for those affected.
On average, over 2 million HIV tests are conducted annually, leading to the identification of more than 10,000 new cases. This testing infrastructure has been decentralized to local health facilities and systematically integrated into routine care services, maternal and child health programs, and reproductive health services.
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) was initiated in 2000 and now covers 184,214 patients (including 181,849 adults and 2,365 children, as of December 2024 data). Notably, more than 90% of patients receive their treatment through health insurance funding. This financial support ensures the sustainability of care, significantly alleviates the burden on families, and improves the quality of life for people living with HIV.
Alongside therapeutic efforts, the nation excels in secondary prevention, particularly through pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Approximately 70,000 individuals at high risk have already benefited from this service. In recognition of this proactive approach and its remarkable effectiveness, the World Health Organization (WHO) designated Vietnam as the regional leader in Asia-Pacific for PrEP use in 2023.
Under its National Strategy for AIDS Eradication by 2030, the state has set a triple ambition of 95-95-95: ensuring that 95% of people living with HIV are diagnosed, that 95% of those diagnosed receive ART, and that 95% of those on treatment achieve viral suppression (undetectable viral load). Achieving these targets is critical for ending the HIV epidemic as a public health threat.
In 2024, interim results are encouraging: 87.3% for the first 95, 78.9% for the second, and 96% for the third. These figures exceed the Asia-Pacific regional average and approach global standards, demonstrating the robustness of the health system and community mobilization.
Unity and Commitment at the Heart of the Fight
 |
| Raising awareness about antiretroviral treatments among people living with HIV at a health center in Son La province (North). |
| Photo : VNA/CVN |
To mark the 35th anniversary of the response, and in conjunction with the National Action Month (November 10 – December 10, 2025) and World AIDS Day (December 1st), the Ministry of Health unveiled the 2025 theme: “Unity is Strength – Together to End the AIDS Epidemic.”
This slogan underscores a fundamental belief: only the collective action of all of society – from state institutions to health organizations, businesses to individuals – will achieve the “Zero AIDS by 2030” goal. A collaborative approach is essential for sustained progress.
The ministry also disseminated key messages, including: “Equity and equality in access to HIV/AIDS services – towards ending the epidemic by 2030.”
Awareness campaigns, public events (rallies and roundtables), mobile testing units, and youth forums will be organized nationwide. These initiatives aim to raise awareness, reduce stigma, and encourage everyone to get tested and actively follow their treatment.
Beyond medical expertise, the fight against HIV/AIDS is fundamentally a battle against stigma and prejudice. Awareness campaigns and community education have transformed social perceptions. People living with HIV are now increasingly seen not simply as patients, but as individuals deserving of empathy, support, and the opportunity to lead healthy and fulfilling lives.
The message “No discrimination against people living with HIV/AIDS” has been widely disseminated, opening doors to employment, education, and healthcare services. This societal openness allows people living with the virus to access testing and treatment more readily, reducing the risk of transmission and leading to sustainable epidemic control.
Thirty-five years after an unwavering response, the country is at a pivotal moment in its journey towards eradicating the HIV/AIDS pandemic by 2030. Challenges remain – including the risk of re-infection, the sustainability of funding, and maintaining societal engagement. Nevertheless, optimism about success is firmly grounded.
With a robust political framework, a modernized health system, community involvement, and, in particular, the spirit of “Unity is Strength,” Vietnam has all the assets to achieve the “Zero AIDS by 2030” goal – serving a healthy, just, and caring future for all its citizens.
Huong Linh/CVN
