A new study from the University of Southern California offers a perhaps groundbreaking approach to slowing the effects of aging. Researchers have found that a cyclical, food-based diet-known as a fasting-mimicking diet, or FMD-may reduce biological age by as much as 2.5 years and improve key markers of metabolic health. The findings, published in Nature Communications, suggest a less restrictive choice to conventional fasting for those seeking to improve longevity and overall wellness.
A new study suggests a cyclical eating pattern known as the fasting-mimicking diet (FMD) may offer health benefits similar to traditional fasting, potentially slowing down the aging process and improving metabolic health. This research adds to a growing body of evidence exploring dietary interventions for longevity and disease prevention.
The fasting-mimicking diet, or FMD, is designed to replicate the effects of water fasting by influencing blood sugar levels, ketone production, and other biological markers. Unlike traditional fasting, which involves complete food abstinence, FMD allows for a limited intake of specific nutrients, structured in cycles. Typically, individuals follow the FMD for five days each month, returning to their regular diet for the remainder of the time.
Previous research has indicated that short, periodic cycles of FMD can support weight loss, stimulate stem cell regeneration, and lessen the side effects of chemotherapy. Other studies have suggested a potential role for FMD in mitigating the effects of dementia.
The latest findings, published in the journal Nature Communications, demonstrate that FMD may reduce markers of immune system aging and, by lowering insulin resistance and liver fat in humans, decrease biological age by an average of 2.5 years. “Biological age” refers to the functional state of cells and tissues, distinct from chronological age.
“This is the first study to show that a food-based intervention, not requiring chronic dietary restrictions or lifestyle changes, can make people biologically younger,” said Professor Valter Longo of the University of Southern California, the lead author of the study.
Researchers describe FMD as “a five-day diet, high in unsaturated fats and low in calories, proteins, and carbohydrates, designed to mimic the effects of water fasting while providing essential nutrients and making it easier for people to complete the fast.”
Caloric intake is reduced to approximately 40–50% of normal daily needs, and protein and carbohydrate intake are strictly limited to trigger cellular and metabolic responses similar to those produced by water fasting.
The diet relies heavily on calories derived from unsaturated fats, known for their anti-inflammatory properties and benefits for heart health.
Participants in the USC study completed three to four monthly cycles of FMD, adhering to the diet for five days followed by a return to a “normal” or Mediterranean-style diet for 25 days.
During the FMD, participants consumed plant-based soups, energy bars, nutrient drinks, and tea. They were also given a supplement containing high levels of minerals, vitamins, and essential fatty acids.
The study revealed that following FMD reduced risk factors for diabetes, decreased liver fat, slowed immune system aging, and lowered the risk of age-related diseases, resulting in a reduction in biological age.
“This study shows, for the first time, evidence of biological age reduction from two different clinical trials, accompanied by evidence of rejuvenation of metabolic and immune functions,” said Professor Valter Longo.
The study authors suggest these findings support the potential of FMD as an accessible intervention that may reduce disease risk and improve overall health without requiring extensive lifestyle changes or the significant willpower needed to fast completely for extended periods.
Experts note that while FMD may be beneficial for some, it is not suitable for everyone. Pregnant or breastfeeding women, individuals with a history of eating disorders, or those with pre-existing conditions such as diabetes, kidney disease, or heart disease should consult a physician before following this protocol.
For those considering the fasting-mimicking diet, experts emphasize the importance of adequate hydration and recommend consuming at least 2 liters of water per day, according to nypost.com.
