Public health officials are preparing for a perhaps complex respiratory virus season, as new influenza variants emerge alongside the ongoing presence of COVID-19 [[1]]. Concerns are mounting over a possible earlier-than-usual flu season, prompting preventative campaigns focused on vaccination for vulnerable populations. Here, Director of the department of Prevention at the Catanzaro Health Authority (ASP), Giuseppe Caparello, addresses key questions regarding the anticipated intensity, prevalent strains, and potential risks associated with this year’s respiratory virus landscape.
Health officials are preparing for a potentially challenging influenza season, which may arrive earlier than usual and coincide with the continued presence of COVID-19. This dual threat underscores the importance of preventative measures, particularly vaccination, to protect vulnerable populations. A vaccination campaign is already underway, and public health authorities are disseminating information to ensure those at highest risk are protected.
Giuseppe Caparello, Director of the Department of Prevention at the Catanzaro Health Authority (ASP), offered reassurance while emphasizing the need for caution. He explained how individuals can defend themselves against the flu without causing unnecessary alarm.
Will there be more cases of influenza this year compared to previous years? What is the situation in our area, and how is it expected to evolve during the winter?
“The 2025-2026 influenza season is expected to be intense because two new variants of the influenza virus have emerged in Australia and Japan. These variants are capable of partially evading the immune response, making them more aggressive in their spread,” Caparello stated. “However, it is still too early to estimate the actual course of the season in Italy. The first surveillance report from RespiVirNet for the 2025-2026 season estimates 427,000 cases of acute respiratory infections, a figure consistent with previous seasons.” This data suggests that while new variants are circulating, the overall impact remains within historical ranges.
What strains of the virus are expected to be most prevalent this year, and what are the main symptoms to watch for?
“Influenza viruses, while mutating annually, maintain recognizable symptoms: fever above 38°C (100.4°F), a runny or stuffy nose, sore throat, muscle aches, and significant fatigue,” Caparello explained. Recognizing these symptoms early is crucial for prompt diagnosis and treatment.
Is the concurrent presence of COVID-19 also expected? What are the risks for vulnerable groups?
“Although the emergency phase has passed, it’s important to remember that COVID-19 has not disappeared,” Caparello cautioned. “Even though symptoms are often milder now, COVID-19 can still cause complications, especially in more vulnerable individuals. To this end, vaccination against both influenza and COVID-19 is recommended, and can even be administered in the same session. This approach is advised to optimize protection during the most critical months.” Vaccinations are available free of charge to target groups through general practitioners, pediatricians, and vaccination centers, as outlined by national and regional guidelines.
Giulia De Sensi
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