Flu Can Damage the Heart: Researchers Discover Possible Mechanism
Influenza isn’t just a respiratory illness; it’s a systemic condition that can significantly impact cardiovascular health. Understanding this connection is crucial for preventative care, especially for individuals with pre-existing heart conditions.
Recent research indicates that the risk of a heart attack increases tenfold in the days following an influenza infection, while the risk of stroke rises eightfold, according to Professor Thomas Weinke, an internist and infectious disease specialist in Potsdam. These findings highlight the serious consequences of the flu beyond typical respiratory symptoms.
influenza is associated with a 74% increase in hyperglycemic events, and approximately one-quarter of patients hospitalized due to the flu experience a loss of independence in their daily lives. This underscores the potential for long-term health complications following even a single influenza infection.
Professor Weinke positions the influenza vaccine as an key measure for cardiovascular secondary prevention, noting that it can prevent further heart attacks in 15-45% of cases. This level of effectiveness is comparable to that of statins (19-30%), antihypertensives (17-25%), and quitting smoking (32-43%).
Influenza vaccination is also highly recommended immediately after a heart attack or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). A study revealed that, in the twelve months following vaccination, the rate of death, heart attack, and stent thrombosis was 28% lower in the vaccinated group compared to those who were not vaccinated.
Based on current data, the high-dose influenza vaccine (Efluelda®) is preferred for individuals aged 60 years and older. The findings could guide future vaccination strategies and emphasize the importance of annual flu shots for vulnerable populations.
The research builds on existing knowledge that viruses like influenza and COVID-19 can elevate the risk of acute cardiovascular events shortly after infection. A study published in the Journal of the American Heart Association found that the risk of heart attack or stroke following a flu infection is four to five times higher, while the risk increases threefold with SARS-CoV-2. More information about the increased risk can be found here.
Experts also emphasize the importance of protecting those around you through vaccination, particularly individuals with pre-existing heart conditions such as coronary heart disease, heart failure, heart valve defects, high blood pressure, and diabetes. The Deutsche Herzstiftung e.V. Provides further details on influenza as a risk factor for the heart.
It’s important to differentiate between the flu (influenza) and a common cold. While symptoms can overlap, the flu typically presents with a sudden onset, high fever (39-41°C), and severe muscle and headache, requiring several days of bed rest. A common cold, while unpleasant, is generally a milder upper respiratory infection.
